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| Title: | Collision with approach lighting, Pan American World Airways, Inc., Boeing 747, N747PA, Flight 845, San Francisco, California, July 30, 1971 |
| Micro summary: | This 747-121 struck the approach light system on landing. |
| Event Time: | 1971-07-30 at 1529 PDT |
| File Name: | 1971-07-30-US.pdf |
| Publishing Agency: | National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) |
| Publishing Country: | USA |
| Report number: | NTSB-AAR-72-17 |
| Pages: | 62 |
| Site of event: | Departure end of SFO RWY 01R |
| Departure: | San Francisco International Airport, San Francisco, California, USA |
| Destination: | Tokyo International Airport (Haneda), Tokyo, Japan |
| Airplane Type(s): | Boeing 747-121 |
| Flight Phase: | Takeoff |
| Registration(s): | N747PA |
| Operator(s): | Pan American World Airways |
| Type of flight: | Revenue |
| Occupants: | 218 |
| Fatalities: | 0 |
| Serious Injuries: | 29 |
| Minor/Non-Injured: | 189 |
| Other Injuries: | 0 |
| Executive Summary: | A Pan American World Airways, Boeing 747-121, N747PA, operating as Flight 845, struck the Approach Light system structure at the departure end of Runway 01R while taking off from the San Francisco International Airport on July 30, 1971, at 1529 Pacific daylight time. Flight 845 was a scheduled international passengerlcargo operation from the Los Angeles International Airport, Los Angeles. California, to Tokyo. Japan, with an intermediate stop at San Francisco. The flight departed from the gate at San Francisco at 1501 PDT, with 199 passengers. Two passengers, in seats 47G and 48G, were seriously injured by parts of the Approach Light System structure which penetrated the passenger compartment and 27 other passengers were injured during the evacuation after the aircraft had landed. Eight of these passengers suffered serious back injuries. The aircraft sustained major structural damage to the fuselage and empennage and three of the four hydraulic systems were disabled. The flightcrew continued the takeoff and then flew the aircraft for 1 hour and 42 minutes while assessing the structural damage and dumping fuel before landing on Runway 28L ac the San Francisco International Airport. After landing, the aircraft veered off the right side of Runway 28L and came to a stop in the unpaved area approximately 5.300 feet from the approach end of the runway. The passengers and crew evacuated the aircraft using the emergency evacuation slides. Upon activation of the slides for evacuation, four of the 10 passenger slides failed to function properly and were not useable. During the evacuation the aircraft tilted slowlv back onto the rear section of the fuselaee. This occurred approximately 1 minute and 10 seconds after the aircraft had come to a stop, and it remained tilted until after the evacuation was completed. The National Transportation Safety Board determines that the probable cause of this accident was the pilot's use of incorrect takeoff reference speeds. This resulted from a series of irregularities involving: (1) the collection and dissemination of airport information; (2) aircraft dispatching; and (3) crew management and discipline; which collectively rendered ineffective the air carrier's operational control system. |
| Learning Keywords: | Operations - Crew Resource Management |
| Operations - Evacuation | |
| Operations - In-flight Collision with Ground Structure | |
| Systems - Hydraulics | |
| Other - Workplace Culture or Management |
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